Know Your Symptoms with Your Health Buddy: April 2025

Gout: Early Warning Signs, Causes, and Proven Prevention Tips, Catch It Early to Avoid Lifelong Pain Causes and Prevention of Gout

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Gout. Let’s dive in!

Is Gout No Longer Just a Middle-Aged Issue?
Gout is commonly thought of as a disease that mostly affects middle-aged men, but recently, the age group developing gout has shifted to people in their 20s and 30s.

Many young people are either unaware of gout or don’t pay much attention to it, which means they might not receive proper treatment in time even if symptoms appear.

If treatment begins early, one can live a healthy life without recurrence. However, if ignored, gout can lead to lifelong pain and complications, so it’s important to keep prevention and treatment in mind.

Definition and Causes of Gout

Gout is a condition caused by the buildup of uric acid in the blood.

Uric acid is a waste product created when the body breaks down purines, which are chemical compounds made up of pyrimidines and imidazoles. Normally, uric acid dissolves in the blood and is excreted through the kidneys in urine. However, when too much is produced or the body has trouble excreting it, uric acid accumulates and causes gout.

People with high levels of uric acid in their blood may develop gout more easily if they frequently overeat or consume large amounts of alcohol.

Overexercising, high stress levels, and fatigue can also increase uric acid levels and raise the risk of developing gout. Genetics play a role too—around 30–40% of gout patients have a family history. So, if a family member has gout or your own uric acid level is high, it’s a good idea to get a blood test to check your levels.

Main Symptoms of Gout

Gout usually appears as inflammation in the joints and surrounding tissues.

At first, there may be no symptoms. Then the joint area becomes red, swollen, and painful. About 90% of gout patients feel pain in the big toe, but the pain can also affect the ankles, knees, and top of the feet. Some people experience recurring flare-ups every few weeks, while others may have milder but long-lasting symptoms. In some cases, the pain may affect multiple joints.

When Gout Occurs

When gout is diagnosed, treatment focuses on preventing uric acid buildup and helping excrete it through urine. For this, patients usually take uric acid-lowering medications.

Even if uric acid levels return to normal and symptoms disappear, recurrence is common. That’s why specialists recommend continuing medication if there are no side effects. Patients with other underlying health conditions should also get regular blood tests to monitor their liver and kidney function while taking these medications.

If you already have gout, avoid putting pressure on the affected joints.

Wear comfortable shoes during flare-ups, and try to elevate the painful area using pillows or cushions. Avoid hot or cold compresses—heat can worsen inflammation, and cold can cause more uric acid to settle in the joint. Gout can also lead to other metabolic diseases depending on your health status, so it’s essential to consult with your doctor to find the best treatment plan for you.

How to Prevent Gout

To prevent gout or keep symptoms from worsening, watching what you eat is critical.

Eating foods low in purines is the top priority. Avoid meats, organ meats, high-fructose corn syrup, and sugary drinks. Fish such as mackerel and herring are also high in purines and should be consumed with caution. Shrimp and shellfish intake should also be reduced.

Avoid alcohol, overeating, smoking, and intense exercise.

Alcohol not only increases uric acid production but also inhibits its excretion through urine. Beer, in particular, contains high levels of purines and should be avoided altogether. Experts recommend eating foods with very low purine content, such as rice, barley, wheat, buckwheat, seaweed like kelp and laver, and plenty of vegetables and fruits.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

This content is for informational purposes only and does not hold any individual or entity legally responsible. For accurate diagnosis and treatment of symptoms, please visit a nearby medical institution. This does not represent my final medical opinion and may vary depending on specific circumstances and evolving medical perspectives.

Is It Really Okay to Keep Smoking? The Hidden Dangers of Smoking: Why Quitting Matters More Than Ever

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Smoking. Let’s dive in!

The Countless Harms of Cigarettes

At the beginning of a new year, many people set health-related goals. Among the most common resolutions are quitting smoking and losing weight.
While both are challenging, smoking is particularly concerning because it not only harms the smoker but also those around them, such as family members.

This is why many people resolve to quit smoking at the start of the year and actively seek help through smoking cessation clinics and programs.

The Harms of Cigarettes

Everyone knows that smoking is harmful.
There is a growing societal demand not only to recognize the countless harms cigarettes cause to public health but also to hold tobacco companies legally accountable.

Tobacco companies continue to claim there is no causal relationship between smoking and lung cancer.
However, many countries have already issued legal rulings acknowledging the link between smoking and diseases like lung cancer.

Globally, awareness of the dangers of tobacco continues to rise.
Now is the time to revisit the harmful effects of smoking and prioritize quitting as one of our top health goals.

How Dangerous Are the Carcinogens in Cigarettes?

The danger of cigarettes, especially traditional cigarettes, lies in the vast number of chemicals found in cigarette smoke.
Among these, around 4,000 are harmful chemicals, and approximately 70 are known carcinogens.

Smoking doesn’t just affect the person lighting up; it also harms those exposed to secondhand smoke.

Moreover, the toxic particles from cigarette smoke do not disappear easily in enclosed spaces.
Over time, the number of particles may decrease, but their size grows, causing them to accumulate where the smoking took place.
This leads to what’s called "thirdhand smoke," where harmful substances continue to affect people long after the cigarette has been extinguished.

Nicotine is one of the most representative harmful substances in cigarettes.

Nicotine stimulates dopamine in the brain, reinforcing addiction.

Exposure to nicotine can cause symptoms such as breathing difficulties, stomach pain, and eye injuries.
Long-term exposure can increase the risk of brain and cardiovascular diseases, trigger inflammatory responses, and ultimately lead to death.

Additionally, "tar" in cigarettes is known to severely damage the smoker’s lungs.
It is also a carcinogen, stains teeth black, and harms the gums.

Are E-Cigarettes Harmful Too?

Tobacco companies have employed marketing strategies aimed at maintaining nicotine addiction, with one major example being e-cigarettes.

They promote e-cigarettes as being odorless and less harmful, but in reality, e-cigarettes have been found to contain carcinogens and toxic chemicals similar to those in traditional cigarettes.

Recently, "flavored tobacco" products that remove the typical tobacco scent and add fruity aromas have become popular.
Research has shown that many teenagers are first introduced to smoking through these flavored cigarettes.

According to a 2022 survey of about 10,000 individuals aged 13 to 39, 77.2% of smokers were using flavored tobacco products.
While flavored cigarettes may make it easier for individuals to start smoking, ultimately, they only lead to harmful addiction and health risks.

Cigarettes Are Also Harmful to the Environment

After smoking, cigarette butts are inevitably left behind and have become one of the most common types of litter.
The cost of collecting and disposing of cigarette butts is yet another consequence of smoking.

Discarded cigarette butts often flow into rivers and oceans or are tossed onto the soil, becoming a major environmental pollutant.

Cigarette smoke itself also contributes to air pollution in urban areas.
Greenhouse gases found in cigarette smoke—such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—not only pollute indoor environments but also contribute to outdoor air pollution.

Moreover, during the tobacco cultivation process, large amounts of chemicals such as pesticides, fertilizers, and growth regulators are used, increasing the risk of contaminating water sources in tobacco farming regions.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

This content is for informational purposes only and does not hold any individual or entity legally responsible. For accurate diagnosis and treatment of symptoms, please visit a nearby medical institution. This does not represent my final medical opinion and may vary depending on specific circumstances and evolving medical perspectives.

Now's the Perfect Time to Lose Belly Fat!

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about How to Lose Belly Fat. Let’s dive in!

When it comes to setting goals, dieting is always at the top of the list. As the weather warms up and we start reaching for lighter clothes in the spring and fall, it's natural to pay more attention to managing our bodies. And when it comes to dieting, the biggest challenge is none other than belly fat. The best time to start working on it? That would be today.

Why Is It Harder to Manage Belly Fat as We Age?

The reason is simple. When you're younger and have a higher basal metabolic rate, even skipping just one meal can lead to noticeable weight loss. But as you get older, your basal metabolic rate naturally decreases, making it much harder to shed weight.
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) refers to the amount of energy your body uses just to sustain life—breathing, pumping blood, and maintaining body temperature. When BMR drops, your body burns less energy, and the excess gets stored as fat.

Your weight stays stable when the energy you consume and the energy you burn are balanced. However, as people age, if they think they need to eat more for health reasons without adjusting their physical activity, they end up consuming more than they burn, leading to belly fat accumulation and overall weight gain.
Typically, BMR starts to decline in your 20s and drops significantly once you hit your 40s. That’s when you really need to pay attention to how much you eat if you want to manage your belly fat and weight.

Body Fat: It’s More Than Just Extra Weight

Obesity isn’t simply about weighing more—it's about carrying excess body fat.
While an appropriate amount of body fat is necessary for storing energy, regulating body temperature, producing hormones, and protecting the body from physical shocks, too much fat can lead to conditions like atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. Left unchecked, these can develop into serious cardiovascular diseases.

Women tend to accumulate body fat more easily than men. After puberty, women usually weigh less than men but have higher body fat percentages due to hormonal differences. Pregnancy and childbirth further increase both the number and size of fat cells.
Additionally, women generally have more subcutaneous fat, while men have more visceral fat.
Since visceral fat breaks down more easily with exercise and diet, men often see faster physical changes when working out, while women may find the results slower and harder to achieve.

Subcutaneous Fat vs. Visceral Fat: What Your Waistline Says About Your Health

Subcutaneous fat is found directly under the skin—you can pinch it on your belly, arms, or thighs.
Visceral fat, however, surrounds your internal organs and cannot be touched.
During health check-ups, waist circumference is often measured to estimate the amount of visceral fat.
The correct way to measure it is to find the midpoint between the bottom of your last rib and the top of your hip bone at the front of your body.

If a man's waist measures over 90 cm (about 35.4 inches) or a woman's waist measures over 85 cm (about 33.5 inches), they're classified as being at high risk for metabolic syndrome.

How to Lose Belly Fat

The most effective strategy for losing belly fat is combining exercise with healthy eating habits.
Many people focus solely on sit-ups or abdominal workouts, but it's nearly impossible to target fat loss in just one area.
Experts recommend combining aerobic exercises like brisk walking or cycling with strength training like squats or weightlifting for better results.
Building muscle helps raise your basal metabolic rate, making your body burn more calories even at rest.

One kilogram (about 2.2 pounds) of body fat equals roughly 7,700 kcal.
For reference, one bowl of rice contains about 300 kcal.
If you reduce your meal portions by about half a bowl of rice per meal, you can cut about 450 kcal a day.
Maintaining this reduced intake consistently for two to three weeks could result in losing 1 kg of body fat.

Of course, drastically cutting food portions isn't easy.
Start by gradually eating less rice, bread, and noodles compared to your usual amount.
Other helpful habits include: avoiding eating while watching TV, reading, or scrolling on your phone; brushing your teeth right after eating; keeping food only in the kitchen (not in the living room or bedroom); and avoiding ordering set menus or full courses when dining out.

Why Spring and Fall Are the Best Seasons for Losing Belly Fat

Spring and fall are the perfect seasons for weight loss.
The warmer weather naturally encourages more movement and makes it easier to start light outdoor activities or exercise routines.
However, keep in mind that it's also a season when eating out and snacking become more frequent, so it's especially important to stay mindful of your eating habits and stick to a regular exercise routine.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

Is Zero Sugar Really Okay Instead of Sugar?

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Zero Sugar 'Aspartame'. Let’s dive in!

In July 2023, the artificial sweetener "aspartame," commonly used in zero-sugar drinks, was classified as a Group 2B possible carcinogen. After the cancer controversy, it was expected that the consumption of zero-sugar beverages would decline. However, the market has continued to grow. Not only carbonated drinks like Zero Cola and Zero Sprite, but also teas and ion drinks are expanding into the zero-sugar beverage field. Sales are also on the rise.

This is a completely different trend compared to when ham, sausages, and bacon were designated as Group 1 carcinogens in 2015 and their sales dropped by more than 10%.
So, why is there almost no impact despite the cancer risk classification?

The Ministry of Food and Drug Safety: "Aspartame? It's Safe!"

Aspartame was approved as a food additive in the U.S. in 1981, and since then, it has been used widely across most countries, including Japan and Europe. South Korea has been using it since 1985.
Aspartame has 4 kcal per 1 gram, the same as sugar, but it is a protein compound (phenylalanine and aspartic acid), not a sugar, and thus is not related to blood sugar spikes.
It is about 200 times sweeter than sugar, meaning only a small amount is needed to create a sweet taste.
It is extensively used in zero beverages, low-calorie breads, snacks, soju, makgeolli (Korean rice wine), and jellies.
After about 20 years of widespread use of artificial sweeteners, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), under the World Health Organization, classified aspartame as a Group 2B possible carcinogen.
What exactly does this mean?
Since 1969, the IARC has been evaluating substances and factors for carcinogenic risks. As of 2023, they have evaluated 1,110 items and classified them into four groups (Group 1, Group 2A, Group 2B, and Group 3) based on risk.

What Are the Criteria for Carcinogen Classification?

Group 1 is "carcinogenic to humans," meaning there is sufficient evidence linking the substance to cancer in humans. Examples include tobacco, alcohol, processed meats like ham and sausages, and Helicobacter pylori bacteria.
Group 2A is "probably carcinogenic to humans." This means there is limited evidence in humans but sufficient evidence in animal studies. Hot beverages over 65°C, high-temperature fried foods, and red meat fall into this category.
Group 2B is "possibly carcinogenic to humans," where there is limited evidence in both humans and animals. Pickled vegetables and electromagnetic fields are examples. Aspartame has now been classified into this Group 2B.
Group 3 is "not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans," where there is insufficient evidence from both human and animal studies.

The IARC does not assess cancer risk based on actual intake levels.
If there are research findings showing cancer development in humans or animals regardless of consumption levels, the substance is classified as a carcinogen.

Why Are Zero Products So Popular Amid Rising Obesity Rates?

After the COVID-19 pandemic, obesity rates have surged. Among adult men, nearly half are considered obese.
To support dieting efforts, sugar-free and zero-sugar labeled drinks and snacks have gained popularity.
For people already accustomed to sweet flavors, it’s natural to prefer zero-processed foods containing artificial sweeteners like aspartame, which are about 200 times sweeter than sugar but contain significantly fewer calories.
In a society where obesity is a growing problem, artificial sweeteners like aspartame can offer short-term help with weight control.
This is why, unlike the sharp sales decline of ham and sausages after they were labeled as Group 1 carcinogens in 2015, the sales of zero drinks have continued to rise.

Is Artificial Sweetener Really Safe Instead of Sugar?

If you can’t give up sweetness, is it better to choose artificial sweeteners over sugar?
In the short term, artificial sweeteners may be better than sugar — but not in the long run.
Until around 2020, organizations such as diabetes associations supported the use of artificial sweeteners.
However, studies began to show that artificial sweeteners like aspartame could reduce gut microbiota, cause digestive disorders, interfere with blood sugar responses, and ultimately contribute to obesity, diabetes, and even cancer.
Because of this, the World Health Organization now advises against using artificial sweeteners for weight control or chronic disease prevention.
The Korean Diabetes Association also states, "If diabetic patients have difficulty reducing their intake of added sugars like sugar or syrup, they may use artificial sweeteners temporarily as a step towards reducing sugar intake. However, high-dose and long-term use of artificial sweeteners is not recommended."

Healthy Eating Habits for Better Health

The key is to make an effort to reduce not only sugar but also foods containing artificial sweeteners.
For true health improvement, it’s important to move away from relying on zero-sugar drinks containing aspartame and instead focus on foods with less sweetness.
Rather than drinking carbonated beverages, try drinking water, green tea, or black tea.
Instead of consuming sugar, honey, syrup, and sugary drinks, it’s better to get carbohydrates from whole grains, legumes, vegetables, and fresh fruits, which are rich in dietary fiber.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

Know It in Advance, Be Prepared! Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention of Stroke

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Stroke. Let’s dive in!

Stroke is a sudden condition that can leave behind serious complications.
It doesn’t only occur in older people—it can affect anyone due to poor lifestyle habits. Just a few days ago, Pope Francis passed away due to heart failure caused by a stroke.

But the good news is that stroke is largely preventable through proper health management. So, knowing the signs and preparing in advance is more important than anything else.

In this post, we’ll go over the causes, symptoms, and prevention methods for stroke.

| What is a Stroke?

Stroke refers to a group of brain-related vascular disorders. It occurs when the blood flow in the brain is suddenly disrupted, leading to symptoms like loss of consciousness, motor issues, sensory problems, or disruption of vital functions. This can result in death or serious long-term effects.

| Types of Stroke by Cause

There are many causes of stroke, but most fall into two main categories: ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.

Ischemic stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain is blocked, preventing blood flow to certain parts of the brain. This includes cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, and transient ischemic attacks (TIA).
Hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel bursts, blocking blood flow and putting pressure on the brain due to the bleeding.

Among ischemic strokes, cerebral thrombosis is the most common. It’s often caused by arteriosclerosis as we age, narrowing the arteries and reducing blood flow. When a clot made of cholesterol and platelets forms in the brain vessels, it gradually blocks the area, leading to stroke—especially in people with high blood pressure. It often occurs during rest.

Cerebral embolism is when a clot formed outside the brain travels to the brain and blocks a vessel suddenly. It usually happens in people with heart conditions like valve disease or arrhythmia.

Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are temporary disruptions in blood flow to the brain. They can cause short-term numbness or speech problems that recover within hours. However, repeated TIAs significantly increase the risk of a full stroke.

Hemorrhagic stroke has a high fatality rate. It often presents as sudden dizziness, headaches, vomiting, and limb numbness, sometimes leading to coma. It tends to happen during activity, especially in people with high blood pressure, stress, or physical strain, and occurs more often during the day than at night.

When the bleeding is limited to the membrane surrounding the brain, it’s called a subarachnoid hemorrhage. It often causes extreme headache and vomiting. It has an even higher fatality and recurrence rate than regular brain bleeding. It’s usually triggered by congenital brain aneurysms or malformations, and can also occur during bowel movements, lifting heavy objects, or intense physical activities—especially in younger people.

| 7 Rules to Prevent Stroke

Manage your blood pressure.
High blood pressure is the most dangerous risk factor. Ignoring it is like waiting for a stroke to happen.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Obesity and excess weight are key causes of stroke and other chronic diseases.
Quit smoking.
Once you quit, your risk for stroke, heart disease, and cancer starts to drop. After 1 year, the risk is cut by 50%, and after 5 years, it’s similar to a non-smoker’s.
Exercise regularly.
Those who exercise for at least 30 minutes a day are about 2.7 times less likely to suffer a stroke.
Improve your diet.
Eat low-sodium, low-calorie meals, and focus on vegetables and fish. Avoid salty or cholesterol-rich foods. Eating fruits, vegetables, and fish rich in folic acid and vitamins can reduce stroke risk by up to two-thirds.
Stop drinking alcohol.
While a glass of wine may aid circulation, habitual drinking—regardless of the type—raises stroke risk by three times.
Keep your body and mind warm.
Kind and happy people are less likely to experience strokes. Protecting your body temperature, especially in winter, is crucial, as stroke rates rise in colder weather.

| Foods That Help Prevent Stroke

Diet plays a crucial role in stroke prevention.
Avoid high-calorie animal fats and salty foods. Eat a balanced diet with fresh vegetables, seaweed, and whole grains.

Common foods in our diet that promote blood circulation and reduce stroke risk include garlic, onions, chives, and wild chives. These contain enzymes that transform into allicin, which increases HDL (good cholesterol) and lowers triglycerides and LDL (bad cholesterol).

Nutrients like anthocyanins, beta-carotene, vitamin A, and vitamin C found in black beans, pumpkin, tomatoes, carrots, tangerines, and lemons help blood flow, prevent blood vessel aging, and promote energy and vitality.

Salmon, mackerel, oysters, clams, shrimp, and seaweed are rich in DHA, omega-3 fatty acids, taurine, and tyrosine, all of which help prevent blood clots and arteriosclerosis.

| Changing Daily Habits

A stroke can destroy brain tissue, lead to death, or cause irreversible damage. That’s why ancient wisdom emphasized prevention over cure. Recognizing your personal risk factors and changing your lifestyle before a stroke occurs is essential.

Stroke can happen to anyone. Though it seems sudden, most strokes develop slowly over time.
Check your current lifestyle and environment. If you take active steps now, you can avoid the fear of stroke altogether.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

Teenagers Longing to Be “Skin and Bones”

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Skin and Bones. Let’s dive in!

A Rising Trend Among Teens

More and more teenagers today are idolizing extremely thin celebs and trying to become skinny through unhealthy dieting. Even teens with a normal weight are taking on extreme methods just to achieve a thinner appearance.

In one recent report, teenagers were found sharing photos of ultra-thin celebrities and "motivating" each other to achieve similar body shapes. They would take daily "body check" photos—what they call “eye-body” checks—to see who lost more weight or to encourage one another when progress seemed to stall.

The Dangerous Desire for “Skin and Bones”

While it’s great when young people adopt healthy eating and exercise habits to stay fit, the concern is that many are obsessed with rapidly losing weight at any cost. Among teens, the phrase “skin and bones” has become trendy—referring to admiring bodies that are thin enough to reveal bone structure.

This obsession can lead to eating disorders. Some teens force themselves to vomit after eating, experiencing symptoms of anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa.

An Unwelcome Guest in Any Season: Norovirus

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Norovirus. Let’s dive in!

Norovirus infections are on the rise in the United States.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), from August 1, 2024, to April 9, 2025, there were 2,407 norovirus outbreaks reported by states participating in the Norovirus Sentinel Testing and Tracking (NoroSTAT) network.
This number is significantly higher than the 1,230 outbreaks reported during the same period in the previous seasonal year.
The total number of outbreaks reported during the 2024–2025 seasonal year exceeds the range reported during the same period in the 2012–2020 and 2021–2024 seasonal years.
Norovirus outbreaks occur throughout the year but are most common from November to April.
Given this trend, health authorities anticipate that the number of cases may continue to rise.

What is Norovirus?

Norovirus is a contagious disease that spreads through contaminated food or contact with infected individuals.
During winter, it often spreads through seasonal ingredients like raw oysters or shellfish that haven’t been properly handled.
It can also be transmitted via droplets or stool from infected individuals.
Almost half (49.4%) of norovirus cases are reported in children aged 0–6, with another 18.9% occurring in those aged 7–18.
This means nearly 70% of infections occur in minors.
Outbreaks are especially common in group settings such as daycare centers, preschools, and schools.
While many assume norovirus is a summer issue due to food spoilage, it is actually nicknamed the “winter guest” because it survives even in extreme cold—down to -20°C (-4°F).

What Are the Symptoms of Norovirus?

Norovirus infection typically causes severe diarrhea, headache, and abdominal pain.
Some individuals may also experience low-grade fever or symptoms of dehydration for 1 to 3 days.
There is currently no vaccine for norovirus.
Although most people recover naturally without specific treatment, the symptoms can be distressing and require careful management.

Can It Be Prevented?

The first step in prevention is handwashing.
Wash hands thoroughly with soap under running water for at least 30 seconds.
Always wash hands after going outside, meeting others, using the restroom, coughing or sneezing, and blowing your nose.
It’s also important to cook food thoroughly.
When using kitchen tools like knives and cutting boards, sanitize them regularly and use different sets for vegetables, meat, and seafood.
Childcare facilities should ensure caregivers wash their hands thoroughly after changing diapers and before and after meals.

What If You’re Infected?

If someone becomes infected, it's important to isolate them from other household members.
After using the toilet, flush with the lid closed to prevent secondary infections.
Clean and disinfect items the infected person has touched using a 2:1 diluted bleach solution.
Norovirus is highly contagious—even touching objects handled by an infected person can lead to transmission.
Children and students should stay home from school or daycare for at least 48 hours to prevent spreading the virus to others.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

What You Need to Know About Angelman Syndrome : Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Prevention Strategies

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Angelman Syndrome. Let’s dive in!

Symptoms, Causes, Treatments, and Prevention Strategies

What is Angelman Syndrome?

Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a rare genetic disorder that affects brain development. It causes severe intellectual disabilities, difficulties in speech, problems with movement and balance, and unique behavioral characteristics.

It was first described by British pediatrician Dr. Harry Angelman in 1965. Most children start showing signs between 6 to 12 months, with clear developmental delays becoming more noticeable as they grow.

Thanks to advancements in genetic testing, early diagnosis is now more possible than ever.

Causes of Angelman Syndrome

This condition is linked to a problem with the UBE3A gene on chromosome 15, which plays a key role in brain function.

Maternal gene deletion (about 70% of cases)
Paternal uniparental disomy (2–4%)
Gene mutations or structural abnormalities

In AS, the brain doesn’t receive the protein it needs from the mother’s copy of the gene, leading to neurological issues.

Common Symptoms of Angelman Syndrome

Children with Angelman Syndrome may show:

Small head size (microcephaly)
Severe delays in speech
Motor coordination problems
Developmental delays in sitting, walking, etc.
Frequent smiling and a happy, excitable personality
Seizures (epilepsy) in over 80% of cases
Sleep disturbances

These symptoms can vary but are key in reaching a diagnosis.

Treatment Options

Although there's no cure yet, early intervention and supportive care can improve the quality of life.

Antiepileptic medications for seizure control
Speech therapy using AAC devices, gestures, and visual aids
Physical therapy to support mobility and balance
Behavioral therapy for improving social and focus skills
Early intervention programs to support development

Prevention and Support Strategies

While Angelman Syndrome cannot be fully prevented, here are steps to manage it early:

Genetic testing before pregnancy, especially with family history
Early diagnosis through observation of delays and professional testing
Emotional support for families—join support groups or talk to specialists
Regular rehabilitation therapy to maintain and improve function

Angelman Syndrome may be rare, but it deeply affects the lives of patients and their families.

What may first seem like a developmental delay could be something more. That’s why early diagnosis, ongoing therapy, and public awareness are so important.

If society becomes more understanding and support systems continue to grow, children with Angelman Syndrome will have a much brighter future.

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Autism. Let’s dive in!

Autism is a developmental disorder where delays or abnormalities occur in areas such as social skills, language, and communication development compared to others.

Typically, signs begin to appear before the age of 3. These may include delayed language expression and comprehension, weak attachment behaviors with parents, and low interest in play compared to other children.

After age 3, symptoms may become more pronounced, such as a significant lack of interest in peers, repetitive behaviors, restricted play activities, and delays in cognitive development.

About 75% of children with autism also have intellectual disabilities, and seizure disorders are frequently observed as well.

Current research into the causes of autism includes neurological theories—such as increased total brain volume and abnormalities in the temporal lobe—and biochemical theories involving neurotransmitters.

The most recognizable symptoms of autism include difficulties in social interactions and impairments in language and communication.

Repetitive behaviors (known as "stimming") and emotional instability are also common. In most cases, autism is accompanied by some level of intellectual disability.

Effective treatment for autism requires an integrated approach, and outcomes are generally better when therapy begins at an early age.

During infancy, therapy should focus on strengthening attachment between the caregiver and child. In the toddler years, behavior-based therapy that promotes social interaction, along with play therapy and language training, is recommended.

Between the ages of 4 and 6, a variety of interventions should be applied, including group play therapy and social skills training. At this stage, medication may also be considered to address hyperactivity and repetitive behaviors.

In elementary school years, consistent support is needed to help children develop social skills, cognitive learning abilities, and verbal communication.

For younger children, it's more important for parents to actively interact with their child—taking into account their unique traits and preferences—than to rely heavily on medication.

Unproven treatments that make unrealistic promises are usually unhelpful. It's best to consult with a child psychiatrist to discuss treatments that have been shown to be effective.

Regular medical evaluations and proper medical care are also important throughout the treatment process.

Medications can be especially helpful for managing symptoms such as attention difficulties, behavioral regulation, emotional control, sleep issues, eating habits, and sensory processing challenges.

For example, Professor Temple Grandin, who is on the autism spectrum, underwent years of treatment during childhood and adolescence to reduce sensory sensitivity and improve emotional regulation. She has said that these treatments were highly beneficial.

Autism is generally a lifelong condition, meaning that continuous management is necessary even after early interventions.

However, if the individual has an IQ of 70 or above and possesses language skills similar to those of a 5–7-year-old, a much more favorable prognosis can be expected with consistent treatment.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

Causes, Symptoms, and the Importance of Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Let’s dive in!

Janet (41), who lives in New York, finally visited a mental health clinic she had been meaning to go to for a long time. Whenever she got fixated on something, she found herself trapped in those thoughts all day long, unable to focus on work, and even losing sleep. She felt her symptoms were getting worse and finally gathered the courage to seek help.

Recently, she had a new bathroom sink installed due to a leak. But even after the repair, she couldn’t stop worrying that it might be leaking again. She kept checking it every few minutes, but the anxiety wouldn’t go away. There were even several times when she went back home from work just to make sure the air conditioner or heater was turned off. Sometimes, she would jump out of bed in the middle of the night to check if her belongings were in the right place, just to feel at ease.

She also experienced frequent anxiety about events that hadn’t even happened yet, excessive health worries, and insomnia triggered by endless “what if” thoughts. Although she had gone through this for over a decade, she dismissed it as part of her sensitive and perfectionist personality. But when her symptoms led to heart palpitations and dizziness, she finally consulted a specialist. She was diagnosed with a combination of OCD, anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. She is now undergoing treatment with two types of prescribed medication.

OCD is more common than we think — and easy to overlook

Most people experience a little bit of obsession or compulsiveness. But even when anxiety, depression, or obsessive thoughts become persistent, many people simply brush it off as a passing mood. If someone is known for being “a perfectionist” or “detail-oriented,” they might think it’s just their personality. However, if the symptoms continue to worsen, start affecting others, or interfere with daily life, that’s when it becomes a condition that requires professional help.

What exactly is OCD?

Simply put, OCD (Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) involves repeated thoughts or actions that feel impossible to control. These compulsions create anxiety or discomfort unless acted upon. OCD is classified under what’s commonly known as “neuroses.”

A small amount of obsessive behavior can actually help in daily life, but when it becomes too intense, it turns into a disorder that not only affects the person suffering but also those around them. Although those with OCD often recognize that their actions or thoughts are irrational, they still feel compelled to act on them. Trying to suppress these impulses often worsens the anxiety.

How common is OCD?

OCD is relatively common. Lifetime prevalence is estimated at around 2–3%, and about 10% of psychiatric outpatients suffer from it. Despite being widespread, only a small number of those affected seek treatment. On average, people don’t get help until 7.5 years after their symptoms begin. It often starts during adolescence or early adulthood, but adult-onset is also possible.

It frequently coexists with other mental health conditions such as depression and social anxiety disorder. OCD may also occur alongside alcohol abuse, specific phobias, panic disorder, eating disorders, autism, and Tourette’s syndrome.

What are the symptoms of OCD?

Symptoms vary widely, but a common trait is repeating certain thoughts or behaviors even when the person knows they’re irrational. About 75% of people with OCD experience both obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.

Common symptoms include:

Obsessive thoughts about contamination (e.g., repeated handwashing, avoiding “dirty” objects)
Doubting thoughts that lead to compulsive checking (e.g., checking locks, appliances)
Repetitive thoughts involving inappropriate sexual or violent content
A need for symmetry or precision (e.g., arranging objects in a specific order)
Intrusive, uncontrollable thoughts about existential matters like life, death, or religion

What causes OCD?

From a biological standpoint, OCD is thought to be linked to abnormal activity of serotonin in the brain. That’s why medications targeting serotonin are often used in treatment. On the other hand, OCD can also be learned behavior reinforced by trauma or repeated experiences. For example, someone who has experienced a serious accident might become obsessively focused on preventing a similar event.

So although it may seem like a psychological issue, OCD has strong biological roots.

When should you seek treatment?

This is an important question. Some people think their behavior is just a personality trait or a quirk, and they try to live with the discomfort. But if the distress is long-term and affects daily life, seeking help can make a significant difference.

If you suspect OCD, it's important to get evaluated and determine whether it’s a personality trait or something that requires treatment.

Initially, people may wonder if treatment can even help. But once they receive the right medications and therapy, many find that their symptoms improve and their quality of life changes dramatically. If you suspect even mild OCD, it’s worth visiting a clinic, speaking to a professional, and starting treatment tailored to your needs.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

Feeling a Sudden Chest Pain or Tingling? Here's How to Prevent Heart Disease

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Heart Disease. Let’s dive in!

I've been living alone for over 10 years now, and one thought keeps bothering me:
What if something dangerous happens to me, and there's no one nearby to call for help or take me to the hospital?
As the number of single-person households grows, I’m sure many others share the same concern.

Recently, Don Hasselbeck, a Super Bowl champion, passed away due to a heart attack.

Heart Disease Can Strike Anyone — Prevention Is Key

One of the scariest health threats these days is heart disease. Even people who appear healthy can suddenly lose their lives. Once the golden time passes, it’s often too late, and unless someone nearby performs CPR in time, the chances of survival are very slim.
It’s a terrifying condition — especially for someone like me who lives alone — because it often strikes without any clear warning signs and can happen to anyone.

That’s why I’ve decided to learn more about heart health and make an effort to eat heart-friendly foods regularly. Even healthy individuals can be caught off guard by heart disease.

Experts say that not only people in their 40s and older but also those in their 20s and 30s should pay attention to heart health.
Among various heart conditions, sudden cardiac arrest — which can lead to death without warning — is often caused by coronary artery disease due to atherosclerosis, accounting for about 80–90% of cases.
Annually, this affects about 1–2 out of every 1,000 people (0.1–0.2%).

Heart Disease Might Not Be Obvious, But It Does Show Signs

Even though symptoms may not be obvious, there are definitely early signs of heart problems.
Several months before a heart event, you may start to feel chest pain, shortness of breath, or extreme fatigue.

If you feel sudden tightness or pain in your chest, notice your heart beating unusually fast, or struggle to breathe even with light exercise or a short walk, it could be a warning sign.
This can happen at night, too. If you don’t usually suffer from sleep apnea but find yourself waking up frequently with heart palpitations, it’s worth considering a possible heart condition.

Also, if you have high or low blood pressure, experience frequent chest pain or palpitations, have ever fainted during daily life, have high cholesterol levels, or notice you’re out of breath or sweating heavily when lying down or sleeping, it’s time to get a heart checkup.
The same goes for people who smoke or drink heavily or have a family history of heart disease.

What to Do If You Feel Chest Pain

There are four main types of tests used to evaluate heart health:

Heart MRI – This uses magnetic resonance imaging to assess heart function. It measures the size and function of the left and right ventricles and checks for valve regurgitation.
Heart CT – A computed tomography scan that helps detect coronary artery narrowing or structural issues in the heart.
Echocardiogram (Heart Ultrasound) – Useful for observing the heart’s structure and performance.
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) – This is the most basic and commonly performed test. It’s primarily used to diagnose arrhythmias and coronary artery diseases like angina and myocardial infarction.

If you suspect a heart issue, it’s best to visit a hospital and consult with a medical professional to determine which of these tests is most appropriate for your condition.

Exercise is, of course, one of the best ways to prevent heart disease.
Cutting back on alcohol and tobacco, and maintaining a regular routine, are just as important.
Avoid foods that are high in sodium or greasy, as they’re harmful to cardiovascular health.

Instead, try to eat more heart-friendly foods like strawberries, yogurt, vegetables, and red beets — all easy to include in your daily meals.
Unsweetened coffee and green tea are also known to help reduce the risk of heart disease.

If a family member or friend suddenly collapses from a heart attack, they must be taken to the hospital as quickly as possible.
After calling for emergency help, start CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) right away.
It’s a good idea to learn basic first aid and CPR skills so you’re prepared for emergencies.

Your health buddy is here for you. Wishing you a healthy and happy day ahead. Stay well!💖

About Me

Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Smoking. Let’s dive in!

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Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Angelman Syndrome. Let’s dive in!

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Hello, it’s your health buddy! Let’s feel better together. Today, I’m here to share some symptom insights and helpful tips about Autism. Let’s dive in!

OCD is more common than we think — and easy to overlook

What exactly is OCD?

How common is OCD?

What are the symptoms of OCD?

What causes OCD?

When should you seek treatment?

Heart Disease Can Strike Anyone — Prevention Is Key

Heart Disease Might Not Be Obvious, But It Does Show Signs

What to Do If You Feel Chest Pain

Know Your Symptoms